Considerations To Know About 癌症

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有效的公共卫生策略,包括基于社区和家庭的护理,对于为患者及其家庭提供止痛和姑息治疗至关重要。

止痛藥,如嗎啡、羥可酮(英语:oxycodone)、止吐劑及其他藥物用來抑制噁心和嘔吐,都是常用來減輕癌症患者症狀的藥物。

最近幾十年的研究中,最為確定的發現就是抽煙和癌症間密切的相關性,許多流行病學研究也已經證實這樣的關係。根據美國的數據顯示,隨著吸煙人數增加,肺癌的死亡率急劇升高。隨著近年來廣為宣導抽菸對身體的傷害之後,抽菸人口的減少,也反映在肺癌死亡率降低上。

癌症的症状多样,除可引起局部压迫和阻塞等症状外,还可因浸润和转移而导致相应的临床表现,有时会出现贫血、发热、体重下降、夜汗、感染、恶病质等全身表现。

第五步——浸润性癌,如果基因变化使肿瘤开始侵入下层组织,并使细胞脱落到血液或淋巴中, 则认为肿瘤已变成恶性肿瘤。癌变的细胞很可能在全身形成新的肿瘤(转移);这些可能会因破坏重要器官而致命。

When epigenetic alterations are found in cancers, the epigenetic alterations in DNA fix genes, creating decreased expression of DNA repair proteins, might be of unique importance.

局部症狀:異常腫塊或腫脹(腫瘤),出血,疼痛和潰瘍。因為腫瘤壓迫周遭組織所引起的症狀,如黃疸。

College of Florida Most cancers Healthcare facility Mainly because cancer is a category of health conditions,[7][257] it is not likely that there'll at any time be a single "cure for cancer" any over there'll be only one cure for all infectious diseases.

不斷增生的癌細胞撐破腫瘤,癌細胞因而擴散至腫瘤周遭的組織及鄰近的淋巴結甚至更遠處。此時癌細胞流竄於原始病灶附近,必需借助循環全身的化學治療藥物治療。

Which therapies are utilized will depend on the sort, place and quality with the cancer together with the affected person's health and fitness and Choices. The cure intent may or may not be curative.[citation necessary]

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) does in a roundabout way result in cancer but it brings about immune deficiency which can magnify the chance because of other bacterial infections, occasionally around a number of thousandfold (in the case of Kaposi's sarcoma). Importantly, vaccination against the hepatitis B virus as well as human papillomavirus are proven to just about do away with the chance of cancers because of these viruses in folks properly vaccinated before an infection.

The word originates from 癌症 the ancient Greek καρκίνος, that means 'crab' and 'tumor'. Greek doctors Hippocrates and Galen, amongst Other individuals, pointed out the similarity of crabs to some tumors with swollen veins. The word was launched in English in the modern professional medical perception all around 1600.[28]

理論上,若是以手術完全移除腫瘤細胞,癌症是可以被治癒的。但並非總是如此簡單,外科手術通常無法切除已經轉移到其他部位的癌細胞。使用外科手術治療癌症的例子包括以乳房切除术治療乳癌或是進行前列腺切除術(英语:prostatectomy)治療前列腺癌。手術的目的在於移除腫瘤細胞或是整個器官,雖然將主要的腫瘤經外科手術切除,但仍有些潛伏在腫瘤所生長的器官週遭的單一腫瘤細胞是無法被察覺的。隨著時間過去,又會重新生長成一個新的腫瘤,稱為癌症復發。為此,手術切除下的腫瘤需要經病理學家的檢視,以確定切下的腫瘤週遭都是正常組織,減少腫瘤切除不完全的機會。

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